USA FREEDOM Act of 2015
USA FREEDOM Act of 2015 | |
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Short Title | Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015 |
Official Text | USA FREEDOM Act of 2015 |
Country/Jurisdiction | United States |
State or Province | |
Regulatory Bodies | |
Date Enacted | 2015/06/02 |
Scope of the Law | Individuals |
Information | |
Taxonomy | Decisional Interference, Disclosure, Exclusion, Identification, Insecurity, Surveillance |
Strategies |
The USA Freedom Act is restored and modified several provisions of the Patriot Act, which had expired the day before. The act imposes some new limits on the bulk collection of telecommunication metadata on U.S. citizens by American intelligence agencies, including the National Security Agency.
Text of the law
SEC. 202. PRIVACY PROCEDURES. Insecurity, Exclusion, Disclosure
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 402 (50 U.S.C. 1842) is amended
by adding at the end the following new subsection:
‘‘(h) PRIVACY PROCEDURES.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Attorney General shall ensure that appropriate policies and procedures are in place to safeguard nonpublicly available information concerning United States persons that is collected through the use of a pen register or trap and trace device installed under this section. Such policies and procedures shall, to the maximum extent practicable and consistent with the need to protect national security, include privacy protections that apply to the collection, retention, and use of information concerning United States persons. Insecurity, Surveillance
‘‘(2) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this subsection
limits the authority of the court established under section
103(a) or of the Attorney General to impose additional privacy
or minimization procedures with regard to the installation or
use of a pen register or trap and trace device.’’. Decisional Interference
(b) EMERGENCY AUTHORITY.—Section 403 (50 U.S.C. 1843) is
amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
‘‘(d) PRIVACY PROCEDURES.—Information collected through the use of a pen register or trap and trace device installed under this section shall be subject to the policies and procedures required under section 402(h).’’.
SEC. 301. LIMITS ON USE OF UNLAWFULLY OBTAINED INFORMATION.
Section 702(i)(3) (50 U.S.C. 1881a(i)(3)) is amended by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
‘‘(D) LIMITATION ON USE OF INFORMATION.—
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in clause
(ii), if the Court orders a correction of a deficiency in a certification or procedures under subparagraph (B), no information obtained or evidence derived pursuant to the part of the certification or procedures that has been identified by the Court as deficient concerning any United States person shall be received in evidence or otherwise disclosed in any trial, hearing, or other proceeding in or before any court, grand jury, department, office, agency, regulatory body, legislative committee, or other authority of the United States, a State, or political subdivision thereof, and no information concerning any United States person acquired pursuant to such part of such certification or procedures shall subsequently be used or disclosed in any other manner by Federal officers or employees without the consent of the United States person, except with the approval of the Attorney General if the information indicates a threat of death or serious bodily harm to any person. Disclosure
‘‘(ii) EXCEPTION.—If the Government corrects any
deficiency identified by the order of the Court under
subparagraph (B), the Court may permit the use or
disclosure of information obtained before the date of
the correction under such minimization procedures as
the Court may approve for purposes of this clause.’’. Exclusion, Disclosure
SEC. 502. LIMITATIONS ON DISCLOSURE OF NATIONAL SECURITY LETTERS.
(a) COUNTERINTELLIGENCE ACCESS TO TELEPHONE TOLL AND TRANSACTIONAL RECORDS.—Section 2709 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following new subsection:
‘‘(c) PROHIBITION OF CERTAIN DISCLOSURE.—
‘‘(1) PROHIBITION.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If a certification is issued under subparagraph (B) and notice of the right to judicial review under subsection (d) is provided, no wire or electronic communication service provider that receives a request under subsection (b), or officer, employee, or agent thereof, shall disclose to any person that the Federal Bureau of Investigation has sought or obtained access to information or records under this section. Disclosure
‘‘(B) CERTIFICATION.—The requirements of subparagraph (A) shall apply if the Director of the Federal Bureau
of Investigation, or a designee of the Director whose rank
shall be no lower than Deputy Assistant Director at Bureau
headquarters or a Special Agent in Charge of a Bureau
field office, certifies that the absence of a prohibition of
disclosure under this subsection may result in—
‘‘(i) a danger to the national security of the United States;
‘‘(ii) interference with a criminal, counterterrorism, or counterintelligence investigation;
‘‘(iii) interference with diplomatic relations; or
‘‘(iv) danger to the life or physical safety of any person.
‘‘(2) EXCEPTION.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A wire or electronic communication service provider that receives a request under subsection (b), or officer, employee, or agent thereof, may disclose information otherwise subject to any applicable nondisclosure requirement to—
‘‘(i) those persons to whom disclosure is necessary in order to comply with the request;
‘‘(ii) an attorney in order to obtain legal advice or assistance regarding the request; or
‘‘(iii) other persons as permitted by the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation or the designee of the Director.
‘‘(B) APPLICATION.—A person to whom disclosure is made under subparagraph (A) shall be subject to the nondisclosure requirements applicable to a person to whom a request is issued under subsection (b) in the same manner as the person to whom the request is issued.
‘‘(C) NOTICE.—Any recipient that discloses to a person described in subparagraph (A) information otherwise subject to a nondisclosure requirement shall notify the person of the applicable nondisclosure requirement. Exclusion
‘‘(D) IDENTIFICATION OF DISCLOSURE RECIPIENTS.—At
the request of the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation or the designee of the Director, any person making
or intending to make a disclosure under clause (i) or (iii)
of subparagraph (A) shall identify to the Director or such
designee the person to whom such disclosure will be made
or to whom such disclosure was made prior to the request.’’. Identifying
"Personal#list" contains a listed "#" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid.
(b) ACCESS TO FINANCIAL RECORDS FOR CERTAIN INTELLIGENCE AND PROTECTIVE PURPOSES.—Section 1114 of the Right to Financial Privacy Act of 1978 (12 U.S.C. 3414) is amended—
(1) in subsection (a)(5), by striking subparagraph (D); and
(2) by inserting after subsection (b) the following new subsection:
‘‘(c) PROHIBITION OF CERTAIN DISCLOSURE.—
‘‘(1) PROHIBITION.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If a certification is issued under subparagraph (B) and notice of the right to judicial review under subsection (d) is provided, no financial institution that receives a request under subsection (a), or officer, employee, or agent thereof, shall disclose to any person that the Federal Bureau of Investigation has sought or obtained access to information or records under subsection (a).
‘‘(B) CERTIFICATION.—The requirements of subparagraph (A) shall apply if the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, or a designee of the Director whose rank shall be no lower than Deputy Assistant Director at Bureau headquarters or a Special Agent in Charge of a Bureau field office, certifies that the absence of a prohibition of disclosure under this subsection may result in—
‘‘(i) a danger to the national security of the United States;
‘‘(ii) interference with a criminal, counterterrorism, or counterintelligence investigation;
‘‘(iii) interference with diplomatic relations; or
‘‘(iv) danger to the life or physical safety of any person.
‘‘(2) EXCEPTION.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A financial institution that receives a request under subsection (a), or officer, employee, or agent thereof, may disclose information otherwise subject to any applicable nondisclosure requirement to—
‘‘(i) those persons to whom disclosure is necessary in order to comply with the request;
‘‘(ii) an attorney in order to obtain legal advice or assistance regarding the request; or
‘‘(iii) other persons as permitted by the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation or the designee of the Director.
‘‘(B) APPLICATION.—A person to whom disclosure is made under subparagraph (A) shall be subject to the nondisclosure requirements applicable to a person to whom a request is issued under subsection (a) in the same manner as the person to whom the request is issued.
‘‘(C) NOTICE.—Any recipient that discloses to a person described in subparagraph (A) information otherwise subject to a nondisclosure requirement shall inform the person of the applicable nondisclosure requirement.
‘‘(D) IDENTIFICATION OF DISCLOSURE RECIPIENTS.—At the request of the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation or the designee of the Director, any person making or intending to make a disclosure under clause (i) or (iii) of subparagraph (A) shall identify to the Director or such designee the person to whom such disclosure will be made or to whom such disclosure was made prior to the request.’’. Disclosure, Identification
(c) IDENTITY OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND CREDIT
REPORTS.—Section 626 of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (15 U.S.C.
1681u) is amended by striking subsection (d) and inserting the
following new subsection:
‘‘(d) PROHIBITION OF CERTAIN DISCLOSURE.—
‘‘(1) PROHIBITION.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If a certification is issued under subparagraph (B) and notice of the right to judicial review under subsection (e) is provided, no consumer reporting agency that receives a request under subsection (a) or (b) or an order under subsection (c), or officer, employee, or agent thereof, shall disclose or specify in any consumer report, that the Federal Bureau of Investigation has sought or obtained access to information or records under subsection (a), (b), or (c).
‘‘(B) CERTIFICATION.—The requirements of subparagraph (A) shall apply if the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, or a designee of the Director whose rank shall be no lower than Deputy Assistant Director at Bureau headquarters or a Special Agent in Charge of a Bureau field office, certifies that the absence of a prohibition of disclosure under this subsection may result in—
‘‘(i) a danger to the national security of the United States;
‘‘(ii) interference with a criminal, counterterrorism, or counterintelligence investigation;
‘‘(iii) interference with diplomatic relations; or
‘‘(iv) danger to the life or physical safety of any person.
‘‘(2) EXCEPTION.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A consumer reporting agency that receives a request under subsection (a) or (b) or an order under subsection (c), or officer, employee, or agent thereof, may disclose information otherwise subject to any applicable nondisclosure requirement to—
‘‘(i) those persons to whom disclosure is necessary in order to comply with the request;
‘‘(ii) an attorney in order to obtain legal advice or assistance regarding the request; or
‘‘(iii) other persons as permitted by the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation or the designee of the Director.
‘‘(B) APPLICATION.—A person to whom disclosure is made under subparagraph (A) shall be subject to the nondisclosure requirements applicable to a person to whom a request under subsection (a) or (b) or an order under subsection (c) is issued in the same manner as the person to whom the request is issued.
‘‘(C) NOTICE.—Any recipient that discloses to a person described in subparagraph (A) information otherwise subject to a nondisclosure requirement shall inform the person of the applicable nondisclosure requirement.
‘‘(D) IDENTIFICATION OF DISCLOSURE RECIPIENTS.—At the request of the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation or the designee of the Director, any person making or intending to make a disclosure under clause (i) or (iii) of subparagraph (A) shall identify to the Director or such designee the person to whom such disclosure will be made or to whom such disclosure was made prior to the request.’’.
(d) CONSUMER REPORTS.—Section 627 of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. 1681v) is amended by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following new subsection:
‘‘(c) PROHIBITION OF CERTAIN DISCLOSURE.—
‘‘(1) PROHIBITION.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If a certification is issued under subparagraph (B) and notice of the right to judicial review under subsection (d) is provided, no consumer reporting agency that receives a request under subsection (a), or officer, employee, or agent thereof, shall disclose or specify in any consumer report, that a government agency described in subsection (a) has sought or obtained access to information or records under subsection (a).
‘‘(B) CERTIFICATION.—The requirements of subparagraph (A) shall apply if the head of the government agency described in subsection (a), or a designee, certifies that the absence of a prohibition of disclosure under this subsection may result in—
‘‘(i) a danger to the national security of the United States;
‘‘(ii) interference with a criminal, counterterrorism, or counterintelligence investigation;
‘‘(iii) interference with diplomatic relations; or
‘‘(iv) danger to the life or physical safety of any person.
‘‘(2) EXCEPTION.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A consumer reporting agency that receives a request under subsection (a), or officer, employee, or agent thereof, may disclose information otherwise subject to any applicable nondisclosure requirement to—
‘‘(i) those persons to whom disclosure is necessary in order to comply with the request;
‘‘(ii) an attorney in order to obtain legal advice or assistance regarding the request; or
‘‘(iii) other persons as permitted by the head of the government agency described in subsection (a) or a designee.
‘‘(B) APPLICATION.—A person to whom disclosure is made under subparagraph (A) shall be subject to the nondisclosure requirements applicable to a person to whom a request under subsection (a) is issued in the same manner as the person to whom the request is issued.
‘‘(C) NOTICE.—Any recipient that discloses to a person described in subparagraph (A) information otherwise subject to a nondisclosure requirement shall inform the person of the applicable nondisclosure requirement.
‘‘(D) IDENTIFICATION OF DISCLOSURE RECIPIENTS.—At the request of the head of the government agency described in subsection (a) or a designee, any person making or intending to make a disclosure under clause (i) or (iii) of subparagraph (A) shall identify to the head or such designee the person to whom such disclosure will be made or to whom such disclosure was made prior to the request.’’. (e) INVESTIGATIONS OF PERSONS WITH ACCESS TO CLASSIFIED INFORMATION.—Section 802 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3162) is amended by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following new subsection:
‘‘(b) PROHIBITION OF CERTAIN DISCLOSURE.—
‘‘(1) PROHIBITION.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If a certification is issued under subparagraph (B) and notice of the right to judicial review under subsection (c) is provided, no governmental or private entity that receives a request under subsection (a), or officer, employee, or agent thereof, shall disclose to any person that an authorized investigative agency described in subsection (a) has sought or obtained access to information under subsection (a).
‘‘(B) CERTIFICATION.—The requirements of subparagraph (A) shall apply if the head of an authorized investigative agency described in subsection (a), or a designee, certifies that the absence of a prohibition of disclosure under this subsection may result in—
‘‘(i) a danger to the national security of the United States;
‘‘(ii) interference with a criminal, counterterrorism, or counterintelligence investigation;
‘‘(iii) interference with diplomatic relations; or
‘‘(iv) danger to the life or physical safety of any person.
‘‘(2) EXCEPTION.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A governmental or private entity that receives a request under subsection (a), or officer, employee, or agent thereof, may disclose information otherwise subject to any applicable nondisclosure requirement to—
‘‘(i) those persons to whom disclosure is necessary in order to comply with the request;
‘‘(ii) an attorney in order to obtain legal advice or assistance regarding the request; or
‘‘(iii) other persons as permitted by the head of the authorized investigative agency described in subsection (a) or a designee.
‘‘(B) APPLICATION.—A person to whom disclosure is made under subparagraph (A) shall be subject to the nondisclosure requirements applicable to a person to whom a request is issued under subsection (a) in the same manner as the person to whom the request is issued.
‘‘(C) NOTICE.—Any recipient that discloses to a person described in subparagraph (A) information otherwise subject to a nondisclosure requirement shall inform the person of the applicable nondisclosure requirement.
‘‘(D) IDENTIFICATION OF DISCLOSURE RECIPIENTS.—At the request of the head of an authorized investigative agency described in subsection (a), or a designee, any person making or intending to make a disclosure under clause (i) or (iii) of subparagraph (A) shall identify to the head of the authorized investigative agency or such designee the person to whom such disclosure will be made or to whom such disclosure was made prior to the request.’’
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