Identification
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Identification is a form of INFORMATION PROCESSING privacy harm under the Solove taxonomy. Identification is defined as "the linking of information to a particular individual."
- A researcher linking medical files to the Governor of a state using only date of birth, zip code, and gender.[1]
Additional comments
Occurrences
- AIRprint Fingerprint Recognition From a Distance (2011)
- Airport Facial Recognition Systems (2018)
- Amazon Gives Access to Alexa Recordings to a Wrong User (2018)
- App Spied on Belarusian Protesters (August 2020)
- Cashier in the Supermarket Asking for Postal Code (October 2020)
- Child Suspects’ Private Data Published Online (October 2020)
- China’s Cryptocurrency (2019)
- Clearview's Facial Recognition App (2020)
- Contact Tracing Apps (July 2020)
- DNA Testing Companies Share Data with Third Parties (November 2017)
- Employee Health-Screening Technology (July 2020)
- FBI's De-anonymization Attack on Tor (November 2014)
- Facebook Facial Recognition (2015)
- Facewatch Facial Recognition System (October 2020)
- FamilyTreeDNA Share Its Genealogy Database With the FBI (January 2019)
- Fayette Schools Introduce Thermal Imaging Cameras (August 2020)
- Flickr Share Images with MegaFace (2014)
- Gait Recognition Technology by Watrix (2018)
- Google Analyzes Credit Card Transactions (May 2017)
- High Resolution Image Generated From Low Resolution Image (March 2020)
- Instagram Collecting User Biometrics (August 2020)
- Italian Municipality Installs Facial Recognition (June 2020)
- Los Angeles Police Uses Facial Recognition Software (October 2020)
- Man Wrongfully Accused by Facial Recognition (June 2020)
- Microsoft Facial Recognition Data Base (2016)
- Microsoft User Asked for More Personal Information With New Computer (July 2020)
- Motel 6 Provided ICE with Guest Data (April 2019)
- NaviStone's Code Unmasking Anonymous Website Visitors (June 2017)
- Pharmacy Chain Deploys Facial Recognition Systems in Its Stores (July 2020)
- Police Drone Over a Public Beach (July 2020)
- Police Investigate Protesters Through Smart Streetlight (June 2020)
- Politicians Using Smart-TV Data for Ads (2019)
- Protesters Tracked by Their Phones (2019)
- Revenge Porn (August 2019)
- SFPD Access Private Security Cameras to Spy on Protesters (July 2020)
- School Collecting Fingerprints to Verify Students’ Lunch Payments (2015)
- School Uses Cameras With Facial Recognition In Its Buildings (May 2019)
- Smart Helmets At the Bishop Airport (August 2020)
- Smartphone Carriers Track User Activity (2014)
- Students Health Records Shared With Parents (October 2015)
- Traces.ai To Trace COVID-19 Patient Contacts At Risk (March 2020)
- UK Stores Are Using Facial Recognition to Track Shoppers (December 2020)
- Verkada Emplyees Abuse Access to Company’s Facial Recognition System (October 2020)
- Vizio Collecting User Data (2017)
- Voice Assistant Devices (2020)
- Walgreens Sells Medical Data (June 2017)
- WhatsApp Share Data with Facebook (October 2017)
Laws and Regulations
The following laws and regulations address the Identification harm.
- (410 ILCS § 513/). Genetic Information Privacy Act (United States, Illinois)
- (720 ILCS §-23.5.). Non-consensual dissemination of private sexual images (United States, Illinois)
- 201 CMR 17.00. Standards For The Protection of Personal Information of Residents of The Commonwealth. (United States, Massachusetts)
- 23 NYCRR 500. Cybersecurity Requirements For Financial Services Companies. (United States, New York)
- 30-17-2635 Rule 10.4. Release of Patient Records to Patient. (United States, Mississippi)
- 5 U.S.C. §552a (United States)
- AL SB 301 (United States, Alabama)
- AZ Revised Statutes Title 13. Criminal Code § 13-1425. Unlawful disclosure of images depicting states of nudity or specific sexual activities; classification; definitions (United States, Arizona)
- AZ. SB 1297. Genetic testing information; Confidentiality; Exceptions. (United States, Arizona)
- Bank Secrecy Act (United States)
- CA AB 713 (United States, California)
- CA AB No. 499 (United States, California)
- CA PEN § 647 (United States, California)
- CH. 1. Trade and Commerce; General Provisions. (United States, South Carolina)
- CH. 126. Genetic Privacy Act. (United States, New Jersey)
- CH. 19.255. Personal Information—Notice of Security Breaches. (United States, Washington)
- CH. 241. Hospitals. (United States, Texas)
- CH. 412. Genetic Information. (United States, Nevada)
- CH. 48.1. Consumer Privacy Protection Act. (United States, Rhode Island)
- CH. 51-30. Notice of Security Breach for Personal Information. (United States, North Dakota)
- CH. 521. Unauthorized Use of Identifying Information. (United States, Texas)
- CH. 53B. Financial Privacy Act. (United States, North Carolina)
- CH. 546. Use of Genetic Testing Information. (United States, Texas)
- CH. 58. Use of Genetic Information. (United States, Texas)
- CH. 62. Protection of Personal Information. (United States, Vermont)
- CH. 70.02. Medical Records—Health Care Information Access and Disclosure. (United States, Washington)
- CH. 82. Security Freezes and Notification of Data Breaches. (United States, Massachusetts)
- CH. 90. Medical Records. (United States, North Carolina)
- CH. 93. Privacy of Genetic Information. (United States, South Carolina)
- CH. 93H Security Breaches (United States, Massachusetts)
- CH. 93I. Dispositions and Destruction of Records. (United States, Massachusetts)
- CO. HB 18-2118. Concerning Strengthening Protections For Consumer Data Privacy. (United States, Colorado)
- CVR § 50. Right of privacy. (United States, New York)
- Cable Communications Policy Act of 1984 (United States)
- California Consumer Privacy Act of (2018) (United States, California)
- Children's Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998 (United States)
- Children's Online Privacy Protection Rule (2000) (United States)
- Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (United States)
- Colorado Revised Statute Section Section 18-7-107, 108 (United States, Colorado)
- Communications Act of 1934 (United States)
- Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of 1988 (United States)
- Constitution - Amendment I (United States)
- Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015 (United States)
- DEL. HB 180. Breaches of Security involving Personal Information. (United States, Delaware)
- FLA. HB 1189 (United States, Florida)
- FLA. SB 1670. Consumer Data Privacy. (United States, Florida)
- Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1970 (United States)
- Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (United States)
- Federal Cybersecurity Workforce Assessment Act of 2015 (United States)
- Federal Election Campaign Act (United States)