Appropriation

Appropriation is a form of DISSEMINATION privacy harm under the Solove taxonomy. Appropriation is defined as "using an individual's identity to serve the aims and interests of another."

A social media site using customer's images in advertising.

Occurrences

• A Photo of a Woman Crying After Florida School Shooting (February 2018)
• AI Deepfake Technology Creates Fake Video of Naked Celebrities (29 January 2024)
• AI Impersonation Through Deepfakes Troubles Bollywood (November 2023)
• Amazon’s ‘Just Walk Out’ Tech Is a Privacy Nightmare (2023)
• College Board Sued Over New York Student Privacy Laws (2024)
• Companies Stealing Influencers’ Faces (2020)
• Data Breach Compromising 500 Thousands Call of Duty Accounts (September 2020)
• Discord Admits Data Breach: Info of 760K Users Sold Online (14 August 2023)
• Don't Believe Everything you Hear: How Cybercriminals Are Exploiting AI Voice Cloning (April 2023)
• Facebook's "People You May Know" Feature (November 2017)
• High-Profile Twitter Accounts Hack (July 2020)
• Identity Theft of Deceased People for Fraud (October 2020)
• Impersonating Profiles on Grindr (September 2018)
• Jogger Wound Up in an Ad Without Knowing (November 2017)
• Larry King’s Video Used For Disinformation (August 2020)
• Lee Enterprises Shared Subscribers' Personal Information With Facebook (22 December 2022)
• New Jersey Department of Health Retaining Newborn Data without Parental Consent (8 November 2023)
• New York Times sues OpenAI and Microsoft (27 December 2023)
• PA Teachers Impersonated by Students on Social Media (February 2024)
• Porn Deepfakes (September 2020)
• Scammers Hijack Popular YouTube Accounts (July 2020)
• Secret Sharing App Whisper (October 2014)
• Student Loan Fraud Through Identity Theft (October 2020)
• TikTok Parents Use Persons Face To Make Their Kids Cry (August 2020)

Laws and Regulations

The following laws and regulations address the Appropriation harm.